4.7 Article

Anti-Wrinkle Effect of Isatis indigotica Leaf Extract: Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammation, and Clinical Activity

Journal

ANTIOXIDANTS
Volume 10, Issue 9, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091339

Keywords

antioxidant; anti-inflammatory; anti-wrinkle; Isatis indigotica leaf; clinical study

Funding

  1. BK21 FOUR Program by Chungnam National University Research Grant
  2. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea [NRF-2021R1I1A1A01057992]

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The extract of Isatis indigotica leaf demonstrated anti-wrinkle activity by inhibiting free radicals, regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and interleukin, and reducing wrinkle formation in a clinical trial.
Isatis indigotica leaf is an oriental herbal medicine that has been known for various pharmacological effects. However, its anti-wrinkle activity has not been fully evaluated. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-wrinkle effect of I. indigotica leaf extract on human skin. The purified extract inhibited 85.4% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-1picrylhydrazyl and 72.2% of 2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radicals at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Nitrite production was reduced by 30% after treatment with 50 mu g/mL of extract. Three fractions from the extract downregulated the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 and upregulated the expression of interleukin 4. Among the three fractions, fraction 2 exhibited the highest activity. The major component of the extract was identified as 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecular docking was conducted to predict the binding mechanism of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic with matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3, and their binding energies were -5.20 and -4.89 kcal/mol, respectively. In a clinical trial, five roughness values of visiometer and visual score were significantly reduced in treated groups compared with the placebo group after 8 weeks. I. indigotica leaf extract inhibits wrinkle formation, and could be a potential anti-wrinkle agent. This is the first clinical trial demonstrating its anti-wrinkle activity.

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