4.7 Article

Characterization of the Striatal Extracellular Matrix in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease

Journal

ANTIOXIDANTS
Volume 10, Issue 7, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071095

Keywords

extracellular matrix; Parkinson's disease; oxidative stress; Raman spectroscopy

Funding

  1. FEDER (Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional) funds through the COMPETE 2020 Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI), Portugal 2020
  2. Portuguese funds through FCT [ID/BIM/04293/2020]
  3. Portuguese funds through FCT UnIC research unit [UID/IC/00051/2019]
  4. Portuguese funds through FCT iBiMED research unit [UID/BIM/04501/2020, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007628]
  5. Portuguese funds through FCT LAQV/REQUIMTE research unit [UIDB/50006/2020, IF/00286/2015]
  6. FCT [SFRH/BD/111423/2015, 3762, CEECIND/03415/2017]
  7. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/111423/2015] Funding Source: FCT

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The extracellular matrix in the brains of Parkinson's disease patients shows increased oxalate content and oxidative modifications, affecting microglial survival, morphology, and cytoskeletal tension. Thorough investigation into these modifications may lead to new therapies for Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's disease's etiology is unknown, although evidence suggests the involvement of oxidative modifications of intracellular components in disease pathobiology. Despite the known involvement of the extracellular matrix in physiology and disease, the influence of oxidative stress on the matrix has been neglected. The chemical modifications that might accumulate in matrix components due to their long half-live and the low amount of extracellular antioxidants could also contribute to the disease and explain ineffective cellular therapies. The enriched striatal extracellular matrix from a mouse model of Parkinson's disease was characterized by Raman spectroscopy. We found a matrix fingerprint of increased oxalate content and oxidative modifications. To uncover the effects of these changes on brain cells, we morphologically characterized the primary microglia used to repopulate this matrix and further quantified the effects on cellular mechanical stress by an intracellular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-mechanosensor using the U-2 OS cell line. Our data suggest changes in microglia survival and morphology, and a decrease in cytoskeletal tension in response to the modified matrix from both hemispheres of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned animals. Collectively, these data suggest that the extracellular matrix is modified, and underscore the need for its thorough investigation, which may reveal new ways to improve therapies or may even reveal new therapies.

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