Journal
BIOMOLECULES
Volume 11, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom11091348
Keywords
usenamine A; UBA5; breast cancer; ER stress; autophagy
Categories
Funding
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science [KRISS-2021-GP2021-0003]
- [2020-3844]
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Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, with a lack of effective therapies. Usenamine A, a natural compound, has shown promising anti-proliferative effects, cell cycle arrest, and induction of autophagy in breast cancer cells.
Breast cancer is now the most common type of cancer worldwide, surpassing lung cancer. This issue is further worsened by the lack of effective therapies for the disease. Recent reports indicate that the inhibition of ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 5 (UBA5) can impede tumor development. However, there have been few reports regarding UBA5-inhibiting compounds. This work studied usenamine A, a natural product from the lichen Usnea longissimi that exhibits UBA5-inhibitory effects. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using public databases, and the anti-proliferative ability of usenamine A in breast cancer cells was examined through MTS and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis were also conducted to examine and analyze cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, LC3B-RFP and UBA5 expression plasmids were used for the analysis of usenamine A-induced autophagy. According to the bioinformatics analysis results, UBA5 was upregulated in breast cancer. According to in vitro studies, usenamine A displayed prominent anti-proliferative activity and resulted in G2/M phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, usenamine A induced autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, the findings support the potential of usenamine A as an agent that can attenuate the development and progression of breast cancer.
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