Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.654087
Keywords
growth plate; cartilage tissue engineering; scaffold; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; three-dimensional printing
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [82001971, 81701811]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFB1105100]
- Scientific Development Program of Jilin Province [20200403088SF, 20200802008GH, 20200404202YY, 20200404140YY, 201903041 23YY, 20200404190YY, 20180201041SF, 20180623050TC, 20190103087JH]
- Program of Jilin Provincial Health Department [2019SCZT001, 2019SCZT014, 2019SRCJ001]
- Youth Talents Promotion Project of Jilin Province [192004]
- Interdisciplinary Research Funding Program for Doctoral candidates of Jilin University [41900200861]
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The growth plate is vulnerable to damage with limited regenerative ability, leading to difficulties in achieving satisfactory outcomes with current clinical treatment strategies. Tissue engineering approaches, including biocompatible scaffolds with seed cells and growth factors, offer a promising alternative for GP repair and may be enhanced by advancements such as three-dimensional printing technology.
The growth plate (GP) is a cartilaginous region situated between the epiphysis and metaphysis at the end of the immature long bone, which is susceptible to mechanical damage because of its vulnerable structure. Due to the limited regeneration ability of the GP, current clinical treatment strategies (e.g., bone bridge resection and fat engraftment) always result in bone bridge formation, which will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity, thus making satisfactory outcomes difficult to achieve. The introduction of cartilage repair theory and cartilage tissue engineering technology may encourage novel therapeutic approaches for GP repair using tissue engineered GPs, including biocompatible scaffolds incorporated with appropriate seed cells and growth factors. In this review, we summarize the physiological structure of GPs, the pathological process, and repair phases of GP injuries, placing greater emphasis on advanced tissue engineering strategies for GP repair. Furthermore, we also propose that three-dimensional printing technology will play a significant role in this field in the future given its advantage of bionic replication of complex structures. We predict that tissue engineering strategies will offer a significant alternative to the management of GP injuries.
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