Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.685665
Keywords
Epidermal Growth Factor; neuregulin 1; intestinal stem cells; signaling; niche; ErbB; tissue regeneration; organoids
Categories
Funding
- NHMRC Australia [1129600, 2003693, 1011187, 1100531, 1188689]
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1129600, 1100531, 1188689, 2003693] Funding Source: NHMRC
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EGF plays a crucial role in promoting proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, and recent research has revealed diverse stromal cell populations providing key growth factor signals to intestinal crypts. Apart from EGF, NRG1 also plays a role in supporting intestinal stem cell function through the ErbB pathway.
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) has long been known for its role in promoting proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. EGF is produced by epithelial niche cells at the base of crypts in vivo and is routinely added to the culture medium to support the growth of intestinal organoids ex vivo. The recent identification of diverse stromal cell populations that reside underneath intestinal crypts has enabled the characterization of key growth factor cues supplied by these cells. The nature of these signals and how they are delivered to drive intestinal epithelial development, daily homeostasis and tissue regeneration following injury are being investigated. It is clear that aside from EGF, other ligands of the family, including Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), have distinct roles in supporting the function of intestinal stem cells through the ErbB pathway.
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