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Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Implications in the Resistance of Malignant Tumors to T Cell-Based Immunotherapy

Journal

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.707198

Keywords

myeloid-derived suppressor cells; T cell-based immunotherapy; combination therapy; immune checkpoint inhibitors; adoptive T cell therapy

Funding

  1. National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for the Significant New Drugs Development [2018ZX09201018-013]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [81821002, 81902662]
  3. National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development [2018ZX09733001-004]
  4. Sichuan Medical Research Project [S15059]
  5. Sichuan Science and Technology Program [2021YJ0011]

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T cell-based immunotherapy plays a crucial role in cancer treatment, but many patients still do not benefit from it. Researchers have identified myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as a key factor in immunotherapy resistance and are exploring combination therapies to improve efficacy.
T lymphocytes function as major players in antigen-mediated cytotoxicity and have become powerful tools for exploiting the immune system in tumor elimination. Several types of T cell-based immunotherapies have been prescribed to cancer patients with durable immunological response. Such strategies include immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T cell therapy, cancer vaccines, oncolytic virus, and modulatory cytokines. However, the majority of cancer patients still failed to take the advantage of these kinds of treatments. Currently, extensive attempts are being made to uncover the potential mechanism of immunotherapy resistance, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been identified as one of vital interpretable factors. Here, we discuss the immunosuppressive mechanism of MDSCs and their contributions to failures of T cell-based immunotherapy. Additionally, we summarize combination therapies to ameliorate the efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapy.

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