Journal
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01543-8
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Funding
- NIH [R01 GM123194]
- University of Rochester
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Sex chromosomes are susceptible to selfish meiotic drive elements that can lead to evolutionary arms races and genetically suppressed drive systems. In Drosophila species, complex interactions among different classes of selfish DNAs result in the genomic consequences of these evolutionary arms races.
Sex chromosomes are susceptible to the evolution of selfish meiotic drive elements that bias transmission and distort progeny sex ratios. Conflict between such sex-ratio drivers and the rest of the genome can trigger evolutionary arms races resulting in genetically suppressed 'cryptic' drive systems. The Winters cryptic sex-ratio drive system of Drosophila simulans comprises a driver, Distorter on the X (Dox) and an autosomal suppressor, Not much yang, a retroduplicate of Dox that suppresses via production of endogenous small interfering RNAs (esiRNAs). Here we report that over 22 Dox-like (Dxl) sequences originated, amplified and diversified over the similar to 250,000-year history of the three closely related species, D. simulans, D. mauritiana and D. sechellia. The Dxl sequences encode a rapidly evolving family of protamines. Dxl copy numbers amplified by ectopic exchange among euchromatic islands of satellite DNAs on the X chromosome and separately spawned four esiRNA-producing suppressors on the autosomes. Our results reveal the genomic consequences of evolutionary arms races and highlight complex interactions among different classes of selfish DNAs.
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