Journal
INSECTS
Volume 12, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/insects12060483
Keywords
anti-feeding effect; histopathology; repellency; respiration rate; survival; toxicity
Categories
Funding
- Brazilian research agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [305165/2013-5]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [2815/11]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) [APQ-01079-13]
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The insecticide deltamethrin is toxic to Spodoptera frugiperda caterpillars, causing decreased survival, reduced respiration and feeding, and irreversible damage to the midgut epithelium. Exposure to deltamethrin also leads to histological alterations in the midgut, damaging digestive cells and the peritrophic matrix.
Simple Summary Spodoptera frugiperda is controlled mainly with chemical insecticides. Toxicity, survival, respiration, mobility, anti-feeding effect, and histology of the midgut of S. frugiperda caterpillars exposed to deltamethrin were evaluated. Deltamethrin was toxic to third-instar caterpillars, decreasing survival. The insecticide reduces the respiratory rate and food consumption, and causes repellency. Exposure to deltamethrin causes histological alterations in the midgut, damaging the digestive cells and peritrophic matrix. Deltamethrin is toxic to S. frugiperda caterpillars, causing mortality, alteration of locomotor behavior, reduced respiration and feeding, and irreversible damage to the midgut epithelium. Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest of maize crops, and effective methods for pest management are needed. The insecticidal efficacy of deltamethrin was evaluated against S. frugiperda for toxicity, survival, locomotion, anti-feeding, and histological changes in the midgut. Concentration-mortality bioassays confirmed that deltamethrin (LC50 = 3.58 mg mL(-1)) is toxic to S. frugiperda caterpillars. The survival rate was 99.7% in caterpillars not exposed to deltamethrin, decreasing to 50.3% in caterpillars exposed to LC50, and 0.1% in caterpillars treated with LC90. Spodoptera frugiperda demonstrated reduced mobility on deltamethrin-treated surfaces. Deltamethrin promoted a low respiration rate of S. frugiperda for up to 3 h after insecticide exposure, displaying immobilization and inhibiting food consumption. Deltamethrin induces histological alterations (e.g., disorganization of the striated border, cytoplasm vacuolization, and cell fragmentation) in the midgut, damaging the digestive cells and peritrophic matrix, affecting digestion and nutrient absorption.
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