4.6 Article

Community Structure of Bacteria and Archaea Associated with Geotextile Filters in Anaerobic Bioreactor Landfills

Journal

PROCESSES
Volume 9, Issue 8, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pr9081377

Keywords

bioreactor; solid waste; biofilm; geotextile; anaerobic microorganisms; landfill

Funding

  1. Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (IAU) throughout the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) [2019-037-Eng]

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This study examined the microbial communities in landfill bioreactor systems through analyzing geotextile fabric samples from different reactors. The dominant bacterial phyla on the geotextile fabric were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Thermotogeae, while Euryarchaeota was the predominant archaeal phylum. Insights were provided for opportunities in landfill process modifications and operational optimization based on the diversity of microorganisms.
Landfills are an example of an environment that contains highly complex communities of microorganisms. To evaluate the microbial community structure, four stainless steel pilot-scale bioreactor landfills with single- and double-layered geotextile fabric were used. Two reactors (R-1 and R-2) contained municipal solid waste (MSW) and sewage sludge, while the other two reactors (R-3 and R-4) contained only MSW. A single layer of geotextile fabric (R2GT3 and R3GT3) was inserted in the drainage layers of the two reactors (R-2 and R-3), while a double layer of geotextile fabric (R4GT2 and R4GT1) was inserted in one of the reactors (R-4). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that biomass developed on the geotextile fabrics after 540 days of bioreactor operation. The metagenomics analyses of the geotextile samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the geotextile bacterial communities were dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Thermotogeae, while Proteobacteria were detected as the rarest bacterial phylum in all the geotextile samples. Treponema, Caldicoprobacter, and Clostridium were the most dominant anaerobic and fermentative bacterial genera associated with the geotextile fabric in the bioreactors. Euryarchaeota was the predominant archaean phylum detected in all the geotextile samples. In the archaeal communities, Methanosarcina, and Vadin CA11 were identified as the predominant genera. The diversity of microorganisms in landfill bioreactors is addressed to reveal opportunities for landfill process modifications and associated operational optimization. Thus, this study provides insights into the population dynamics of microorganisms in geotextile fabrics used in bioreactor landfills.

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