The Ratio of Preoperative Serum Biomarkers Predicts Prognosis in Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background Dynamic changes in circulating immune-inflammatory cells have been regarded as simple and convenient prognostic biomarkers in various cancers. However, studies on the prognostic values of their ratios in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain limited. Materials and Methods A total of 493 OSCC patients were included in the present study. Here, we investigated the prognostic values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-white blood cell ratio (NWR), and lymphocyte-to-white blood cell ratio (LWR) in OSCC. The correlations of the NLR, LMR, NWR, and LWR with clinicopathological characteristics were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier curves, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Result Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that OSCC patients with a high LMR and low NWR had prolonged overall survival (OS, P<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS, PP=0.003, respectively), but there were no significant differences in metastasis-free survival (MFS, P=0.053 and P=0.052, respectively). In contrary, a high NLR and low LWR were associated with poor OS (PP=0.0016, respectively), DFS (P=0.0014 and 0.0012, respectively) and MFS (P=0.021 and 0.008, respectively). Additionally, Cox multivariate analyses showed that the LMR was an independent prognostic factor for both OS (P=0.007) and DFS (P=0.017), while the LWR was an independent prognostic factor for MFS (P=0.009). Conclusion Preoperative NLR, LMR, NWR, and LWR in the peripheral blood are significant prognostic factors for OSCC and might be helpful in predicting OSCC progression.

Automated summary

Dynamic changes in immune-inflammatory cell ratios are important prognostic factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), with high LMR and low NWR associated with better survival outcomes, and high NLR and low LWR associated with poorer outcomes. LMR is an independent prognostic factor for OS and DFS, while LWR is an independent prognostic factor for MFS in OSCC patients.