Journal
CELLS
Volume 10, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells10092301
Keywords
apoptosis; autophagy; cell death; differentiation; oxysterols; mesenchymal stem cells; oxiapoptophagy
Categories
Funding
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia-Fluidos Complexos (INCT-FCx)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa (INCT-Regenera)
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Oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, have various physiological and pharmacological activities that could be beneficial in cancer treatment and regenerative medicine.
Oxysterols are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol produced by enzymatic activity or non-enzymatic pathways (auto-oxidation). The oxidation processes lead to the synthesis of about 60 different oxysterols. Several oxysterols have physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological activities. The effects of oxysterols on cell death processes, especially apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and oxiapoptophagy, as well as their action on cell proliferation, are reviewed here. These effects, also observed in several cancer cell lines, could potentially be useful in cancer treatment. The effects of oxysterols on cell differentiation are also described. Among them, the properties of stimulating the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells while inhibiting adipogenic differentiation may be useful in regenerative medicine.
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