Journal
CANCERS
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112823
Keywords
cadmium; differential expression; gene signature; in vitro cell models; breast cancer; gastric cancer; colon cancer; liver cancer; lung cancer; nasopharyngeal cancer
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Funding
- University of Palermo (Italy), grant FFR 2018
- University of Palermo (Italy), grant FFR 2020
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Exposure of cancer cells to cadmium and its compounds often leads to the development of more malignant phenotypes, contributing to the acceleration of tumor progression. Cadmium, known as a transcriptional regulator, induces molecular reprogramming, and the study of differentially expressed genes enables identification and classification of molecular signatures as potential biomarkers for clinical research. Selected studies detecting cadmium-associated signatures in various tumor cell models have been summarized in this review.
Simple Summary The exposure of cancer cells to cadmium compounds may be associated with the acceleration of tumor progression. It is known that cadmium is a transcriptional regulator, and the study of differentially expressed genes has enabled the identification and classification of cadmium-associated molecular signatures as useful biomarkers that are potentially transferable to clinical research. This review recapitulates the studies that report the detection of such signatures in breast, gastric, colon, liver, lung, and nasopharyngeal tumor cell models, as specifically demonstrated by individual gene or whole genome expression profiling. The exposure of cancer cells to cadmium and its compounds is often associated with the development of more malignant phenotypes, thereby contributing to the acceleration of tumor progression. It is known that cadmium is a transcriptional regulator that induces molecular reprogramming, and therefore the study of differentially expressed genes has enabled the identification and classification of molecular signatures inherent in human neoplastic cells upon cadmium exposure as useful biomarkers that are potentially transferable to clinical research. This review recapitulates selected studies that report the detection of cadmium-associated signatures in breast, gastric, colon, liver, lung, and nasopharyngeal tumor cell models, as specifically demonstrated by individual gene or whole genome expression profiling. Where available, the molecular, biochemical, and/or physiological aspects associated with the targeted gene activation or silencing in the discussed cell models are also outlined.
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