B and T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in health care professionals with and without previous COVID-19

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant by convalescent and vaccine sera

Piyada Supasa et al.

Summary: Research on the UK-dominant variant B.1.1.7 shows that it is harder to neutralize than the parental virus, but widespread escape from antibodies or monoclonal antibodies has not been observed yet.

CELL (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Binding and Neutralization Antibody Titers After a Single Vaccine Dose in Health Care Workers Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2

Saman Saadat et al.

Summary: This study compared the titers of binding and neutralizing antibodies in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 after receiving a single dose of mRNA coronavirus vaccine.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Antibody response to first BNT162b2 dose in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals

Charlotte Manisty et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on humoral and T-cell responses to single-dose BNT162b2 vaccine

Maria Prendecki et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7

Pengfei Wang et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global repercussions, with promising vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapies. However, newly detected variants of SARS-CoV-2 present challenges to these treatment options.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization by monoclonal and serum-derived polyclonal antibodies

Rita E. Chen et al.

Summary: The study analyzed antibody neutralization activity against a panel of authentic isolates and chimeric SARS-CoV-2 variants, showing significantly reduced neutralizing activity against the B.1.351 variant first identified in South Africa. Antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain, monoclonal antibodies, convalescent sera, and mRNA vaccine-induced immune sera exhibited decreased inhibitory activity against viruses with an E484K spike mutation, suggesting a need for updated monoclonal antibodies or vaccine adjustments to prevent loss of protection against emerging variants.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Antibody Responses in Seropositive Persons after a Single Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

Florian Krammer et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Virology

Antibody Response to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Subjects with Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Federico Gobbi et al.

Summary: Individuals who previously contracted SARS-CoV-2 are expected to have a more rapid and sustained immune response to COVID-19 vaccines, with markedly higher titers of neutralizing antibodies compared to natural infection. A single dose of the vaccine may be sufficient to induce an effective response in previously infected individuals.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

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News Item Medicine, General & Internal

Covid-19: People who have had infection might only need one dose of mRNA vaccine

Jacqui Wise

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

COVID-19: a heavy toll on health-care workers

Sangeeta Mehta et al.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Rapidly Increasing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Neutralization by Intravenous Immunoglobulins Produced From Plasma Collected During the 2020 Pandemic

Maria R. Farcet et al.

Summary: The study found that the levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in immunoglobulin lots released since March 2020 have been steadily increasing, reaching a high level by January 2021. It is projected that by July 2021, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potency in immunoglobulins could further enhance.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Initial report of decreased SARS-CoV-2 viral load after inoculation with the BNT162b2 vaccine

Matan Levine-Tiefenbrun et al.

Summary: COVID-19 vaccines not only provide protection to individual vaccinees, but may also reduce viral load in breakthrough infections, potentially leading to lower infectiousness and further suppressing virus spread.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

David S. Khoury et al.

Summary: The level of neutralizing antibodies is closely related to immune protection against COVID-19, playing a crucial role in protecting against detected infection and severe infection. Studies have shown that neutralizing titers will decline over time after vaccination, leading to decreased protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antibody responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2

Joseph E. Ebinger et al.

Summary: Virus-specific antibody levels after a single dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 are similar to levels after two doses of the vaccine in infection-naive individuals. Post-vaccine symptoms were more prominent for those with prior infection after the first dose, but symptomology was similar between groups after the second dose.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response in Persons with Past Natural Infection

Gabriele Anichini et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection rescues B and T cell responses to variants after first vaccine dose

Catherine J. Reynolds et al.

Summary: Vaccination with a single dose of BNT162b2 after prior infection with a heterologous variant substantially enhances neutralizing antibody responses against variants. In contrast, individuals without prior infection showed reduced immunity against variants after receiving a single vaccine dose.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Editorial Material Immunology

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG responses in convalescent versus naive BNT162b2 vaccine recipients

Lorenzo Azzi et al.

VACCINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A conserved immunogenic and vulnerable site on the coronavirus spike protein delineated by cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies

Chunyan Wang et al.

Summary: Research has isolated two human monoclonal antibodies from immunized humanized mice that display cross-reactivity against various beta coronaviruses, targeting the stem helix in the spike S2 fusion subunit. These antibodies block MERS-CoV infection in cells and provide protection against lethal MERS-CoV challenge in mice, showcasing their potential for developing broad-spectrum antibodies. Despite exhibiting cross-reactivity, the antibodies only neutralize MERS-CoV due to subtle epitope differences in the spike S2 fusion subunit.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Distinct antibody and memory B cell responses in SARS-CoV-2 naive and recovered individuals after mRNA vaccination

Rishi R. Goel et al.

Summary: mRNA vaccines exhibit robust serological and cellular priming, with naïve individuals requiring two doses for optimal antibody responses, especially against the B.1.351 variant. Memory B cells specific for spike protein and RBD were efficiently primed by vaccination, while recovered individuals showed significant boosting after the first dose, correlating with preexisting memory B cell levels. Identifying distinct responses based on prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure suggests that recovered subjects may only need one vaccine dose for peak responses, which can inform vaccine distribution strategies in resource-limited settings.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Marked Increase in Avidity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies 7-8 Months After Infection Is Not Diminished in Old Age

Daniel Pichler et al.

Summary: Research on IgG avidity maturation during SARS-CoV-2 infection showed an increase in avidity even in older individuals. High avidity was associated with residual neutralization capacity, especially in older age groups, highlighting the potential role of avidity assays as a cost-effective alternative for assessing immune system maturation and protection against further infections.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

One dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine exponentially increases antibodies in individuals who have recovered from symptomatic COVID-19

Riccardo Levi et al.

Summary: A study showed that individuals with prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 had a significant increase in antibody response within 5 to 18 days after receiving the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. Symptomatic individuals reached a high titer of antibodies with just one dose, suggesting that a second dose may not be necessary.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

First-dose mRNA vaccination is sufficient to reactivate immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in subjects who have recovered from COVID-19

Alessio Mazzoni et al.

Summary: The study suggests that COVID-19-recovered individuals may not need a second vaccine dose to further enhance immune response, while naive individuals require a second dose for increased immunity. This indicates that redirecting vaccine doses from COVID-19-recovered individuals to naive individuals could shorten the time to achieve herd immunity.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health