Journal
EBIOMEDICINE
Volume 70, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103523
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; Neutralizing antibody response; Prior infection; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19; BNT162b2 vaccine
Funding
- Jonas & Christina af Jochnick foundation
- Lundblad family foundation
- Region Stockholm
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab)
- Erling-Persson family foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- CIMED
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The study compared antibody levels in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 who received a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 naive participants who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine, finding higher immune response in the former.
Background: Recent reports demonstrate robust serological responses to a single dose of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Data on immune responses following a single-dose adenovirus-vectored vaccine expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) in individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection are however limited, and current guidelines recommend a two-dose regimen regardless of preexisting immunity. Methods: We compared RBD-specific IgG and RBD-ACE2 blocking antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 wild type and variants of concern following two doses of the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in SARS-CoV-2 naive healthcare workers (n=65) and a single dose of the adenovector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in 82 healthcare workers more than (n=45) and less than (n=37) 11 months post mild SARS-CoV-2 infection at time of vaccination. Findings: The post-vaccine levels of RBD-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 wild type and variants of concern including Delta lineage 1.617.2 were similar or higher in participants receiving a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine post SARS-CoV-2 infection (both more than and less than 11 months post infection) compared to SARS-CoV-2 naive participants who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Interpretation: Our data support that a single dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine that is administered up to at least 11 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection serves as an effective immune booster. This provides a possible rationale for a single-dose vaccine regimen. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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