Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 7, Issue 25, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf4680
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Funding
- European Research Council CoG (VIROCELLSPHERE grant ) [681715]
- Estate of Bernard Berkowitz
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- EU Horizon2020-INFRAIA project AQUACOSM [731065]
- NSF [OCE-1059884]
- European Research Council (ERC) [681715] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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The study found that bloom succession of Emiliania huxleyi induces dynamic changes in the exometabolic landscape, and viral infection induces the release of metabolites containing chlorine and iodine, which are detected in oceanic E. huxleyi blooms as well.
Algal blooms are hotspots of primary production in the ocean, forming the basis of the marine food web and fueling the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool. Viruses are key players in controlling algal demise, thereby diverting biomass from higher trophic levels to the DOM pool, a process termed the viral shunt. To decode the metabolic footprint of the viral shunt in the environment, we induced a bloom of Emiliania huxleyi and followed its succession using untargeted exometabolomics. We show that bloom succession induces dynamic changes in the exometabolic landscape. We found a set of chlorine-iodine-containing metabolites that were induced by viral infection and released during bloom demise. These metabolites were further detected in virus-infected oceanic E. huxleyi blooms. Therefore, we propose that halogenation with both chlorine and iodine is a distinct hallmark of the virus-induced DOM of E. huxleyi, providing insights into the metabolic consequences of the viral shunt.
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