Journal
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.656346
Keywords
fasting; type 1 diabetes; CGM; safety; OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test)
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Funding
- Austrian Science Fund [KLIF-851]
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The study demonstrated that individuals with type 1 diabetes can safely undergo a 36-hour fasting period with a low risk of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.
Prolonged fasting has shown beneficial effects in healthy individuals and in people with chronic diseases. In type 1 diabetes, the effect or even the feasibility of fasting is unclear. We aimed to assess the impact and safety of prolonged fasting in adults with type 1 diabetes. Glycemia was assessed during overnight fasting (12 hours) vs. prolonged fasting (36 hours) via an intermittently-scanned continuous glucose monitoring system. Anthropometric data, metabolic and hormonal markers were compared between both trial arms. After each fasting period, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed and plasma glucose levels and hormones were assessed. Data were compared via paired t-tests and mixed-model regressions (p <= 0.05). Twenty individuals with type 1 diabetes (7 females) with a mean +/- SD age of 35 +/- 11 years, body mass index (BMI) 24.8 +/- 2.8 kg/m(2) and HbA(1c) 54 +/- 7 mmol/mol were included. Hypoglycemia/hour (70 mg/dL; <3.9 mmol/L) was similar in both trial arms (12 hrs: 0.07 +/- 0.06 vs. 36 hrs: 0.05 +/- 0.03, p=0.21). Glycemic excursions during the oral glucose tolerance test were not different after the two fasting periods. Beta-hydroxybutyrate levels were higher after prolonged fasting (p=0.0006). Our study showed that people with type 1 diabetes can safely perform a 36 hours fasting period with a low risk of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.
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