Journal
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
Volume 208, Issue 2, Pages 1077-1087Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggw437
Keywords
Image processing; Controlled source seismology; Wave propagation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41430321, 41374138]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science [XDB10050300]
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Surface-related multiples have been utilized in the reverse-time migration (RTM) procedures, and additional illumination for subsurface can be provided. Meanwhile, many cross-talks are generated from undesired interactions between forward-and backward-propagated seismic waves. In this paper, subsequent to analysing and categorizing these cross-talks, we propose RTM of first-order multiples to avoid most undesired interactions in RTM of all-order multiples, where only primaries are forward-propagated and crosscorrelated with the backward-propagated first-order multiples. With primaries and multiples separated during regular seismic data processing as the input data, first-order multiples can be obtained by a two-step scheme: (1) the dual-prediction of higher-order multiples; and (2) the adaptive subtraction of predicted higher-order multiples from all-order multiples within local offset-time windows. In numerical experiments, two synthetic and a marine field data sets are used, where different cross-talks generated by RTM of all-order multiples can be identified and the proposed RTM of first-order multiples can provide a very interpretable image with a few cross-talks.
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