Journal
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 1520-1531Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01005-5
Keywords
Antibiotics; Cascade impactor; Dry powder inhaler; Impinger; Spray drying; Tuberculosis
Funding
- University Grants Commission-Basic Science Research (UGC BSR)
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The research developed a dry powder inhaler to improve the treatment rates of pulmonary infections by preparing nanoformulations and blending them with lactose, achieving satisfactory drug release and stability.
Inhalation route of drug delivery is the most favorable for pulmonary infections wherein direct drug delivery is desired to the lungs. Tuberculosis is one such infection suffering from poor therapeutic efficacy because of low patient compliance due to high drug dosing and lengthy treatment protocols. The current research work was undertaken to develop a dry powder inhaler (DPI) for administration of three first-line antitubercular antibiotics directly to the lungs to improve the treatment rates. Nanoformulations of isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampicin were prepared, spray-dried to obtain a dry powder system, and blended with inhalation grade lactose to develop the DPI. The DPI was evaluated for its flow properties, pulmonary deposition, dissolution profile, and stability. The DPI possessed excellent flow properties with a fine particle fraction of 45% and a mass median aerodynamic diameter of approximately 5 mu m indicating satisfactory lung deposition. In vitro drug release exhibited a sustained release of the formulations. In vivo studies showed a prolonged deposition in the lung at elevated concentrations compared to oral therapy. Stability studies proved that the formulation remained stable at accelerated and long-term stability conditions. The DPI could complement the existing oral therapy in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy in patients.
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