Commonly used immunosuppressive drugs for kidney diseases and pregnancy: focus on open questions

Pregnancy is still a challenge in women with autoimmune diseases or kidney transplantation. In this context, management of the immunosuppressive therapy is critical, but, in spite of more than 60 years of experience, many issues remain open, also because of the difficulty in disentangling, in complex patients, the effect of the disease and of the frequent multiple treatments. For this purpose, we have tried to synthesize the existing knowledge and the unresolved issues, to support counseling and promote patient empowerment.

Automated summary

Pregnancy remains a challenge for women with autoimmune diseases or kidney transplantation, requiring careful management of immunosuppressive therapy. Despite over 60 years of experience, unresolved issues persist due to the complexities of the patients and difficulty in distinguishing the effects of the disease and multiple treatments.