Journal
SYMMETRY-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/sym13071198
Keywords
scale thickness; radial basis function; dual-energy gamma source; two phase-flow
Categories
Funding
- German Research Foundation
- Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah [RG-25-135-42]
- Open Access Publication Fund of the Thueringer Universitaets-und Landesbibliothek Jena Projekt [433052568]
- DSR
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This study proposes a dual-energy gamma attenuation method combined with a radial basis function neural network to determine scale thickness in petroleum pipelines. The detection system records signals from transmitted and scattered photons using two detectors and applies them to RBFNN for processing.
Scale deposits can reduce equipment efficiency in the oil and petrochemical industry. The gamma attenuation technique can be used as a non-invasive effective tool for detecting scale deposits in petroleum pipelines. The goal of this study is to propose a dual-energy gamma attenuation method with radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) to determine scale thickness in petroleum pipelines in which two-phase flows with different symmetrical flow regimes and void fractions exist. The detection system consists of a dual-energy gamma source, with Ba-133 and Cs-137 radioisotopes and two 2.54-cm x 2.54-cm sodium iodide (NaI) detectors to record photons. The first detector related to transmitted photons, and the second one to scattered photons. The transmission detector recorded two signals, which were the counts under photopeak of Ba-133 and Cs-137 with the energy of 356 keV and 662 keV, respectively. The one signal recorded in the scattering detector, total counts, was applied to RBFNN as the inputs, and scale thickness was assigned as the output.
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