Journal
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 88-95Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.067
Keywords
Citrus black rot; XRD; SEM; Scherrer equation; Zinc oxide nanoparticles; Copper oxide nanoparticles
Categories
Funding
- Prince Sultan University
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The study investigated the antifungal role of green synthesized zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles against Alternaria citri, a major disease of citrus plants. The synthesized nanoparticles showed effective inhibition of fungal growth and could be a potential alternative to fungicides for controlling citrus black rot disease.
Citrus black rot disease being caused by Alternaria citri is a major disease of citrus plants with 30-35% economic loss annually. Fungicides had not been effective in the control of this disease during last few decades. In the present study, antifungal role of green synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were studied against Alternaria citri. Alternaria citri was isolated from disease fruits samples and was identified by staining with lacto phenol cotton blue. Furthermore, CuO and ZnO NPs were synthesized by utilizing the lemon peels extract as the reducing and capping agent. Nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. From the XRD data, the calculated size of CuO NPs was to be 18 nm and ZnO NPs was16.8 nm using Scherrer equation. The SEM analyses revealed the surface morphology of all the metal oxide NPs synthesized were rounded, elongated and or spherical in the shape. The zone of inhibition was observed to be 50 +/- 0.5 mm by CuO NPs, followed by 51.5 +/- 0.5 mm by ZnO NPs and maximum zone of antifungal inhibition was observed to be 53 +/- 0.6 mm by mix metal oxide NPs. The results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the synthesized nanoparticles showed that at the certain concentrations (80 mg ml-1), these NPs were capable of inhibiting the fungal growth, whereas above that specified concentrations (100 mg ml-1), NPs completely inhibited the fungal growth. Based on these findings, the green synthesized NPs can be used as alternative to fungicide in order to control the citrus black rot disease. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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