Journal
NANO ENERGY
Volume 86, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106069
Keywords
Energy efficiency; Environmental effect; Nanofluids; Nanoparticles; Renewable energy
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea [4120200313733] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Nanofluids, mixtures of common liquids and solid nanoparticles with enhanced thermal and optical properties, have been studied for over two decades despite barriers to commercial adoption. Research has focused on the effects of adding nanoparticles on the thermal efficiency and emission reductions in renewable energy systems, particularly in solar systems.
It has been more than two decades since the discovery of 'nanofluids' - mixtures of common liquids and solid nanoparticles with at least one dimension below 100 nm in size. While colloidal suspensions of particles (which include larger particles) have been studied for several decades, the term 'nanofluids' designates fluid systems that have enhanced thermal and optical properties. Although barriers to their commercial adoption remain, the field of nanofluids has continued to grow. Many studies have considered the effects of adding nanoparticles on the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of renewable energy systems particularly solar systems, however, few have investigated their potential for emission reductions. Critically, since renewable energy technologies aim to reduce the environmental impact of energy systems, this review focuses on whether nanofluids provide a net environmental benefit. Thus, in addition to providing a comprehensive overview of this body of literature from an environmental perspective, this review also highlights areas for future work that could help ensure that nanofluids have a net positive environmental impact in renewable energy systems going forward.
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