4.6 Article

Enhancing Volatile Fatty Acid Production during Anaerobic Fermentation of Waste Activated Sludge with Persulfates: Peroxymonosulfate versus Peroxydisulfate

Journal

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 9, Issue 30, Pages 10073-10082

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01781

Keywords

Waste activated sludge (WAS); Anaerobic fermentation; Volatile fatty acids; Peroxymonosulfate (PMS); Peroxydisulfate (PDS)

Funding

  1. Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment [2018ZX07110-002]
  2. State Key Lab for Aquatic Chemistry [18Z01ESPCR]

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This study found that direct addition of persulfates into the fermenter can enhance VFA production from waste activated sludge, with lower cost-effectiveness for PMS compared to PDS, and preactivation not being necessary. The generated radicals from persulfates in the fermenter enhance WAS disintegration and solubilization, promoting the formation of biodegradable substances.
Persulfates ((peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS)) can disintegrate waste activated sludge (WAS), but their influence on volatile fatty acid (VFA) production during anaerobic fermentation is largely unclear. Particularly, it is unknown whether persulfates can improve fermentation without any preactivation. This study investigated how the direct addition of PMS and PDS into the fermenter influences VFA production from WAS, and uncovered possible mechanisms of improved VFA production. At the PMS dosage of 1.0 mM/gVS, maximum VFA yield (1025 +/- 55 mg COD/L) was observed in 5 days of fermentation, which was 24% higher than that with an equimolar addition of PDS and 132% higher than that without persulfate addition. However, the cost-effectiveness of PMS in enhancing VFA production is lower than that of PDS. The in situ generated hydroxyl and sulfate radicals from persulfates in the fermenter enhanced not only WAS disintegration and solubilization but also the formation of biodegradable substances for acidification. Moreover, the direct addition of persulfates into the fermenter shifted the microbial community toward hydrolysisacidification such as Clostridium_sensu_stricto_10 and Fonticella. Results of this study also suggest that preactivation is not necessary when persulfates are applied to improve WAS fermentation.

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