Journal
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
Volume 13, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1676
Keywords
extracellular vesicles; hypoxia; RNA metabolism; RNA processing; tumor microenvironment
Categories
Funding
- Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance [IA/I/16/2/502719]
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The interaction between heterogeneous cancer cells within a tumor mass and the surrounding microenvironment shapes cancer pathophysiology, affecting immune tolerance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This dynamic interaction involves a dramatic reconstruction of the transcriptomic landscape of tumors by altering gene readout synthesis, modifications, stability, and processing.
The heterogeneous population of cancer cells within a tumor mass interacts intricately with the multifaceted aspects of the surrounding microenvironment. The reciprocal crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) shapes the cancer pathophysiome in a way that renders it uniquely suited for immune tolerance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This dynamic interaction involves a dramatic reconstruction of the transcriptomic landscape of tumors by altering the synthesis, modifications, stability, and processing of gene readouts. In this review, we categorically evaluate the influence of TME components, encompassing a myriad of resident and infiltrating cells, signaling molecules, extracellular vesicles, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, in orchestrating the cancer-specific metabolism and diversity of both mRNA and noncoding RNA, including micro RNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA among others. We also highlight the transcriptomic adaptations in response to the physicochemical idiosyncrasies of TME, which include tumor hypoxia, extracellular acidosis, and osmotic stress. Finally, we provide a nuanced analysis of existing and prospective therapeutics targeting TME to ameliorate cancer-associated RNA metabolism, consequently thwarting the cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
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