Journal
WATER
Volume 13, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w13141893
Keywords
nitrogen; constructed wetlands; buffer strips; vegetated channels; water sediment control basins; water pollution
Categories
Funding
- WATERAGRI Project (water retention and nutrient recycling in soils and streams for improved agricultural production) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [858375]
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The implementation of nature-based solutions is an effective and sustainable approach for addressing environmental issues related to diffuse water pollution from agriculture. Nitrogen removal is a key focus due to its impacts on ecosystems and human health, and understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms involved can enhance the performance of NBSs. Investigating nitrogen removal processes and strategies for nitrogen recovery is crucial for maximizing the efficiency of NBSs.
The implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) can be a suitable and sustainable approach to coping with environmental issues related to diffuse water pollution from agriculture. NBSs exploit natural mitigation processes that can promote the removal of different contaminants from agricultural wastewater, and they can also enable the recovery of otherwise lost resources (i.e., nutrients). Among these, nitrogen impacts different ecosystems, resulting in serious environmental and human health issues. Recent research activities have investigated the capability of NBS to remove nitrogen from polluted water. However, the regulating mechanisms for nitrogen removal can be complex, since a wide range of decontamination pathways, such as plant uptake, microbial degradation, substrate adsorption and filtration, precipitation, sedimentation, and volatilization, can be involved. Investigating these processes is beneficial for the enhancement of the performance of NBSs. The present study provides a comprehensive review of factors that can influence nitrogen removal in different types of NBSs, and the possible strategies for nitrogen recovery that have been reported in the literature.
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