Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 18, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115941
Keywords
urban green space; human thermal comfort; shape; temperature and humidity
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41901200]
- Natural Science foundation of Technical innovation plan of Shanghai in 2020 [20ZR1440400]
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Research shows that the shape of urban green spaces (UGSs) has a significant impact on the Temperature Humidity Index (THI), with different shapes having different effects on reducing the surrounding THI. Punctiform UGS with a larger area and presence of water bodies result in a lower THI; linear UGS with a wider shape and same orientation as the prevailing wind contribute more to decreasing the THI; planar UGS with a higher landscape shape index is critical for achieving a lower THI.
Research shows that urban green spaces (UGSs) provide a number of positive effects, including enhancing human thermal comfort levels by decreasing air temperature (AT) and increasing relative humidity (RH). However, research on how the shape of an UGS influences these effects is yet to be explored. This paper explores the principles and features behind this. The AT and RH surrounding an UGS within a horizontal scale of 20 m was explored. Microclimate field measurements around 35 UGSs in Shanghai, China were carried out. The samples covered the most applied types of UGSs-punctiform, linear, and planar. Comparison spots were selected away from the sampled UGSs. The effects were studied by data collection and statistical analysis. The results indicate that the shape of the UGS had significant impact on the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). In the summer, the amplitude of THI variation decreases with the distance to UGS. For punctiform UGS, a larger total area and existence of water body results in a lower THI. A wider, linear UGS with the same orientation as the direction of the prevailing wind contributes more to decrease the surrounding THI. The total area of planar UGS is not critical. A higher landscape shape index of a planar UGS is the critical point to achieve a lower THI. The results can serve as a reference when planning and designing future UGSs.
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