Peripheral Alterations Affect the Loss in Force after a Treadmill Downhill Run

Downhill running has an important effect on performance in trail running competitions, but it is less studied than uphill running. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiorespiratory response during 15 min of downhill running (DR) and to evaluate the neuromuscular consequences in a group of trail runners. Before and after a 15-min DR trial (slope: -25%) at similar to 60% of maximal oxygen consumption ((V) over dotO(2)max), we evaluated maximal voluntary contraction torque (MVCt) and muscle contractility in a group of seventeen trail running athletes. Additionally, during the DR trial, we measured (V) over dotO(2) and heart rate (HR). (V) over dotO(2) and HR increased as a function of time, reaching +19.8 +/- 15.9% (p < 0.001; ES: 0.49, medium) and +15.3 +/- 9.9% (p < 0.001; ES: 0.55, large), respectively, in the last minute of DR. Post-exercise, the MVCt decreased (-22.2 +/- 12.0%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.55, large) with respect to the pre-exercise value. All the parameters related to muscle contractility were impaired after DR: the torque evoked by a potentiated high frequency doublet decreased (-28.5 +/- 12.7%; p < 0.001; ES: 0.61, large), as did the torque response from the single-pulse stimulation (St, -41.6 +/- 13.6%; p < 0.001; ES: 0.70, large) and the M-wave (-11.8 +/- 12.1%; p < 0.001; ES: 0.22, small). We found that after 15 min of DR, athletes had a decreased MVCt, which was ascribed mainly to peripheral rather than central alterations. Additionally, during low-intensity DR exercise, muscle fatigue and exercise-induced muscle damage may contribute to the development of O-2 and HR drift.

Automated summary

The study found that after 15 minutes of downhill running, athletes had decreased MVCt, primarily due to peripheral rather than central alterations. During low-intensity downhill running exercise, muscle fatigue and exercise-induced muscle damage may contribute to the development of O2 and HR drift.