Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 18, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136727
Keywords
environmental stringency policies; human development; CO2 emissions; panel cointegration and causality analyses
Funding
- 2020 Development Fund of the Babes, -Bolyai University
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The study found that environmental stringency policies and human development both had a decreasing impact on CO2 emissions, with different causal relationships observed among different countries.
This study explores the impact of environmental policies and human development on the CO2 emissions for the period of 1995-2015 in the Group of Seven and BRICS economies in the long run through panel cointegration and causality tests. The causality analysis revealed a bilateral causality between environmental stringency policies and CO2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and a unilateral causality from CO2 emissions to the environmental stringency policies for Canada, China, and France. On the other hand, the analysis showed a bilateral causality between human development and CO2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and unilateral causality from CO2 emissions to human development in Brazil, Canada, China, and France. Furthermore, the cointegration analysis indicated that both environmental stringency policies and human development had a decreasing impact on the CO2 emissions.
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