Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
Volume 32, Issue 6, Pages 2430-2442Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TNNLS.2020.3005447
Keywords
Target tracking; Visualization; Robustness; Correlation; Optimization; Task analysis; Bilevel learning; correlation filter (CF); location-aware; regularization-adaptive; visual tracking
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61922019, 61672125, 61733002, 61772105]
- Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program [XLYC1807088]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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This article proposes a location-aware and regularization-adaptive CF (LRCF) for robust visual tracking, which addresses both the location estimation and filter training problems through a bilevel optimization model. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the LRCF framework in practice.
Correlation filter (CF) has recently been widely used for visual tracking. The estimation of the search window and the filter-learning strategies is the key component of the CF trackers. Nevertheless, prevalent CF models separately address these issues in heuristic manners. The commonly used CF models directly set the estimated location in the previous frame as the search center for the current one. Moreover, these models usually rely on simple and fixed regularization for filter learning, and thus, their performance is compromised by the search window size and optimization heuristics. To break these limits, this article proposes a location-aware and regularization-adaptive CF (LRCF) for robust visual tracking. LRCF establishes a novel bilevel optimization model to address simultaneously the location-estimation and filter-training problems. We prove that our bilevel formulation can successfully obtain a globally converged CF and the corresponding object location in a collaborative manner. Moreover, based on the LRCF framework, we design two trackers named LRCF-S and LRCF-SA and a series of comparisons to prove the flexibility and effectiveness of the LRCF framework. Extensive experiments on different challenging benchmark data sets demonstrate that our LRCF trackers perform favorably against the state-of-the-art methods in practice.
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