Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu13062099
Keywords
gut microbiota; neurotransmitters; cognition; neurodegeneration; Alzheimer's disease
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFE020-3600]
- Guangdong Provincial Fund for Basic and Applied Basic Research [2019B1515130004]
- NSFC-RGC Joint Research Scheme [32061160472]
- Guangdong Provincial Key ST Program [2018B030336001]
- Shenzhen Knowledge Innovation Program [JCYJ20170413165053031, JCYJ20180507183642005]
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fund [2019001]
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Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating brain activity and cognitive functions through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The mechanisms by which gut microbiota regulate neurotransmitter production, transportation, and functioning are not well understood, nor are the effects of these interactions on normal brain functions and cognition. Dysbiosis of the microbiome can adversely affect cognitive function, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota is important in the regulation of brain activity and cognitive functions. Microbes mediate communication among the metabolic, peripheral immune, and central nervous systems via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, it is not well understood how the gut microbiome and neurons in the brain mutually interact or how these interactions affect normal brain functioning and cognition. We summarize the mechanisms whereby the gut microbiota regulate the production, transportation, and functioning of neurotransmitters. We also discuss how microbiome dysbiosis affects cognitive function, especially in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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