Journal
GENE
Volume 576, Issue 1, Pages 385-394Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.052
Keywords
Troponin I; Cardiac and skeletal muscle; Evolution; Gene regulation; Isoform; Posttranslational modification
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [AR-048816, HL-098945, GM089820, GM114833]
- China Scholarship Council [201306590017]
- Elsevier
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Troponin I (TnI) is the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex in the sarcomeric thin filament of striated muscle and plays a central role in the calcium regulation of contraction and relaxation. Vertebrate TnI has evolved into three isoforms encoded by three homologous genes: TNNI1 for slow skeletal muscle TnI, TNNI2 for fast skeletal muscle TnI and TNNI3 for cardiac TnI, which are expressed under muscle type-specific and developmental regulations. To summarize the current knowledge on the TnI isoform genes and products, this review focuses on the evolution, gene regulation, posttranslational modifications, and structure-function relationship of TnI isoform proteins. Their physiological and medical significances are also discussed. (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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