Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma14112867
Keywords
thermoplastic starch; sago starch; chemical modification
Categories
Funding
- Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia [FRGS/1/2019/TK05/UNIMAP/02/13]
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The study investigated the blending of polystyrene with thermoplastic starch, followed by modification with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid treatment. The modified blends showed improved tensile strength, better thermal stability, reduced water uptake, and enhanced dispersion of components.
The preparation of polystyrene/thermoplastic starch (PS/TPS) blends was divided into three stages. The first stage involved the preparation of TPS from sago starch. Then, for the second stage, PS was blended with TPS to produce a TPS/PS blend. The ratios of the TPS/PS blend were 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, and 80:20. The final stage was a modification of the composition of TPS/PS blends with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid treatment. Both untreated and treated blends were characterized by their physical, thermal, and surface morphology properties. The obtained results indicate that modified blends have better tensile strength as the adhesion between TPS and PS was improved. This can be observed from SEM micrographs, as modified blends with succinic anhydride and ascorbic acid had smaller TPS dispersion in PS/TPS blends. The micrograph showed that there was no agglomeration and void formation in the TPS/PS blending process. Furthermore, modified blends show better thermal stability, as proved by thermogravimetric analysis. Water uptake into the TPS/PS blends also decreased after the modifications, and the structural analysis showed the formation of a new peak after the modification process.
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