Journal
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103204
Keywords
Nanofluid; RSM & NSGA-II algorithm; Response surface method; Thermal conductivity; Viscosity
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The study showed that adding silicon dioxide nanoparticles to bioglycol/water mixture can enhance thermal conductivity but also increase fluid viscosity. By optimizing to maximize thermal conductivity and minimize viscosity, the optimal temperature was found to be 80 degrees Celsius.
The fluids containing nanoparticles have enhanced thermo-physical characteristics in comparison with conventional fluids without nanoparticles. Thermal conductivity and viscosity are thermo-physical properties that strongly determine heat transfer and momentum. In this study, the response surface method was firstly used to derive an equation for the thermal conductivity and another one for the viscosity of bioglycol/water mixture (20:80) containing silicon dioxide nanoparticles as a function of temperature as well as the volume fraction of silicon dioxide. Then, NSGA-II algorithm was used for the optimization and maximizing thermal conductivity and minimizing the nanofluid viscosity. Different fronts were implemented and 20th iteration number was selected as Pareto front. The highest thermal conductivity (0.576 W/m.K) and the lowest viscosity (0.61 mPa.s) were obtained at temperature on volume concentration of (80 degrees C and 2%) and (80 degrees C without nanoparticle) respectively. It was concluded that the optimum thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid could be obtained at maximum temperature (80 degrees C) or a temperature close to this temperature. An increase in the volume fraction of silicon dioxide led to the enhancement of thermal conductivity but the solution viscosity was also increased. Therefore, the optimum point should be selected based on the system requirement. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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