4.3 Review

In vitro immunogenicity prediction: bridging between innate and adaptive immunity

Journal

BIOANALYSIS
Volume 13, Issue 13, Pages 1071-1081

Publisher

Newlands Press Ltd
DOI: 10.4155/bio-2021-0077

Keywords

antidrug antibody; antigen internalization; DC activation; DC maturation; DC; T cell assay; HLA-II; immunogenicity; in vitro T-cell assay; MAPPs; T-cell proliferation

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This review emphasizes the role of innate and adaptive immune cells in immunogenicity and summarizes their use in predicting clinical ADAs.
Development of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) is an undesirable potential outcome of administration of biotherapeutics and involves the innate and adaptive immune systems. ADAs can have detrimental clinical consequences: they can reduce biotherapeutic efficacy or produce adverse events. Because animal models are considered poor predictors of immunogenicity in humans, in vitro assays with human innate and adaptive immune cells are commonly used alternatives that can reveal cell-mediated unwanted immune responses. Multiple methods have been developed to assess the immune cell response following exposure to biotherapeutics and estimate the potential immunogenicity of biotherapeutics. This review highlights the role of innate and adaptive immune cells as the drivers of immunogenicity and summarizes the use of these cells in assays to predict clinical ADA.

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