Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 15, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.692762
Keywords
ototoxicity; aminoglycosides; hearing loss; mechanism; prevention
Categories
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [SQ2020YFA010013]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science [XDA16010303]
- National Science Foundation of China [82030029, 81970882, 81900937]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0103903]
- Natural Science Foundation from Jiangsu Province [BE2019711]
- Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program [JCYJ20190814093401920]
- Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University [SKLGE1809]
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This article mainly introduces the main mechanism of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides, which is related to mutations in mtDNA, overexpression of NMDA receptors, and the formation of free radicals.
Aminoglycosides, a class of clinically important drugs, are widely used worldwide against gram-negative bacterial infections. However, there is growing evidence that aminoglycosides can cause hearing loss or balance problems. In this article, we mainly introduce the main mechanism of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides. Genetic analysis showed that the susceptibility of aminoglycosides was attributable to mutations in mtDNA, especially A1555G and C1494T mutations in 12S rRNA. In addition, the overexpression of NMDA receptors and the formation of free radicals also play an important role. Understanding the mechanism of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides is helpful to develop new therapeutic methods to protect hearing. In this article, the prevention methods of ototoxicity induced by aminoglycosides were introduced from the upstream and downstream aspects.
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