Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13050947
Keywords
rabies; lyssavirus; Kotalahti bat lyssavirus; KBLV; bats; vaccine protection; neutralisation; emerging; novel; zoonoses
Categories
Funding
- Defra
- Scottish Government
- Welsh Government [SE0431]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under RABYD-VAX grant [733176]
- Defra [SE0431]
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [733176] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
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Rabies, a fatal disease caused by bat lyssavirus, results in approximately 59,000 human deaths annually. This study successfully generated a recombinant virus combining bat lyssavirus with rabies virus, and demonstrated the protective immunity conferred by a human rabies vaccine following challenge with this recombinant virus.
Rabies is a fatal encephalitis caused by an important group of viruses within the Lyssavirus genus. The prototype virus, rabies virus, is still the most commonly reported lyssavirus and causes approximately 59,000 human fatalities annually. The human and animal burden of the other lyssavirus species is undefined. The original reports for the novel lyssavirus, Kotalahti bat lyssavirus (KBLV), were based on the detection of viral RNA alone. In this report we describe the successful generation of a live recombinant virus, cSN-KBLV; where the full-length genome clone of RABV vaccine strain, SAD-B19, was constructed with the glycoprotein of KBLV. Subsequent in vitro characterisation of cSN-KBLV is described here. In addition, the ability of a human rabies vaccine to confer protective immunity in vivo following challenge with this recombinant virus was assessed. Naive or vaccinated mice were infected intracerebrally with a dose of 100 focus-forming units/30 mu L of cSN-KBLV; all naive mice and 8% (n = 1/12) of the vaccinated mice succumbed to the challenge, whilst 92% (n = 11/12) of the vaccinated mice survived to the end of the experiment. This report provides strong evidence for cross-neutralisation and cross-protection of cSN-KBLV using purified Vero cell rabies vaccine.
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