Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13071220
Keywords
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV); SARS-CoV-2; antivirals; exonuclease (ExoN) motif; DED; EDh motif
Categories
Funding
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- U.S.-Japan Cooperative Medical Sciences Program [20JK0210001h0001]
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This study suggests that the DED/EDh motif present in both arenaviruses and coronaviruses can be a potential drug target. Docking simulation studies showed that compounds ATA and PV6R target the DED/EDh motifs in viral proteins, inhibiting post-entry step of LCMV and SARS-CoV-2 infections. This research provides a new direction for the development of antiviral drugs.
Arenaviruses and coronaviruses include several human pathogenic viruses, such as Lassa virus, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Although these viruses belong to different virus families, they possess a common motif, the DED/EDh motif, known as an exonuclease (ExoN) motif. In this study, proof-of-concept studies, in which the DED/EDh motif in these viral proteins, NP for arenaviruses, and nsp14 for coronaviruses, could be a drug target, were performed. Docking simulation studies between two structurally different chemical compounds, ATA and PV6R, and the DED/EDh motifs in these viral proteins indicated that these compounds target DED/EDh motifs. The concentration which exhibited modest cell toxicity was used with these compounds to treat LCMV and SARS-CoV-2 infections in two different cell lines, A549 and Vero 76 cells. Both ATA and PV6R inhibited the post-entry step of LCMV and SARS-CoV-2 infection. These studies strongly suggest that DED/EDh motifs in these viral proteins could be a drug target to combat two distinct viral families, arenaviruses and coronaviruses.
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