Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13091722
Keywords
virus; SARS-CoV-2; methylation; inhibitor
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), program ERC CZ [LL1603]
- European Regional Development Fund
- OP RDE
- Project: Chemical biology for drugging undruggable targets (ChemBioDrug) [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000729]
- The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [RVO: 61388963]
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The study focuses on the MTase activity involved in viral cap formation, particularly the nsp10-nsp16 MTase. Using a novel LC-MS method, multiple RNA types were identified as substrates of this MTase, presenting a new approach for antiviral drug screening.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic exemplifies the general need to better understand viral infections. The positive single-strand RNA genome of its causative agent, the SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), encodes all viral enzymes. In this work, we focused on one particular methyltransferase (MTase), nsp16, which, in complex with nsp10, is capable of methylating the first nucleotide of a capped RNA strand at the 2 '-O position. This process is part of a viral capping system and is crucial for viral evasion of the innate immune reaction. In light of recently discovered non-canonical RNA caps, we tested various dinucleoside polyphosphate-capped RNAs as substrates for nsp10-nsp16 MTase. We developed an LC-MS-based method and discovered four types of capped RNA (m(7)Gp(3)A(G)- and Gp(3)A(G)-RNA) that are substrates of the nsp10-nsp16 MTase. Our technique is an alternative to the classical isotope labelling approach for the measurement of 2 '-O-MTase activity. Further, we determined the IC50 value of sinefungin to illustrate the use of our approach for inhibitor screening. In the future, this approach may be an alternative technique to the radioactive labelling method for screening inhibitors of any type of 2 '-O-MTase.
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