Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13071322
Keywords
pseudorabies virus; genome; phylogeny; recombination; selection pressure
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFD0500800]
- Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Major Project [2020ABA016]
- Science and Technology Program of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province [GJJ190192]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province [20202BAB205004]
- Program for Jiangxi Agriculture Research System [JXARS-01]
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The genomes of novel PRV variants isolated in China from 2012 to 2017 show high relatedness and genetic similarity to classic China strains. Recombination events play a significant role in viral evolution, while most genes are under evolutionary constraint. Positive selection affects 19 amino acid residue sites in 15 genes, leading to the identification of 37 unique mutations distinguishing the novel variants from classic strains.
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an economically significant swine infectious agent. A PRV outbreak took place in China in 2011 with novel virulent variants. Although the association of viral genomic variability with pathogenicity is not fully confirmed, the knowledge concerning PRV genomic diversity and evolution is still limited. Here, we sequenced 54 genomes of novel PRV variants isolated in China from 2012 to 2017. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that China strains and US/Europe strains were classified into two separate genotypes. PRV strains isolated from 2012 to 2017 in China are highly related to each other and genetically close to classic China strains such as Ea, Fa, and SC. RDP analysis revealed 23 recombination events within novel PRV variants, indicating that recombination contributes significantly to the viral evolution. The selection pressure analysis indicated that most ORFs were under evolutionary constraint, and 19 amino acid residue sites in 15 ORFs were identified under positive selection. Additionally, 37 unique mutations were identified in 19 ORFs, which distinguish the novel variants from classic strains. Overall, our study suggested that novel PRV variants might evolve from classical PRV strains through point mutation and recombination mechanisms.
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