4.7 Review

Plant immune networks

Related references

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Article Plant Sciences

A receptor-like protein from Nicotiana benthamiana mediates VmE02 PAMP-triggered immunity

Jiajun Nie et al.

Summary: This study identified a new receptor-like protein RE02 in Nicotiana benthamiana that mediates immune responses to the PAMP VmE02 from phytopathogenic fungus Valsa mali. RE02 interacts with VmE02 and requires complex formation with receptor-like kinases SOBIR1 and BAK1 for perception. Silencing of RE02 increases plant susceptibility to pathogens, while overexpression enhances resistance.

NEW PHYTOLOGIST (2021)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

A five-transgene cassette confers broad-spectrum resistance to a fungal rust pathogen in wheat

Ming Luo et al.

Summary: Through the introduction of a transgene cassette containing five resistance genes into bread wheat, researchers have successfully generated wheat lines with highly resistant to aggressive and highly virulent Pgt isolates from around the world. This approach simplifies breeding efforts and enhances resistance levels, although strategic deployment of gene stacks may be needed to maintain effectiveness against new Pgt isolates.

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Plant Sciences

The Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase MIK2 is a crucial component of early immune responses to a fungal-derived elicitor

Alexander D. Coleman et al.

Summary: This study investigated the immune response of Arabidopsis thaliana to Fusarium elicitors and identified the crucial role of MIK2 in perceiving fungal elicitors in plants, along with the signaling pathways involved. These findings provide important insights for improving resistance in crops against fungal pathogens.

NEW PHYTOLOGIST (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mutual potentiation of plant immunity by cell-surface and intracellular receptors

Bruno Pok Man Ngou et al.

Summary: Research shows that intracellular receptors and cell-surface receptors in plant immunity interact and enhance each other to activate strong defense mechanisms against pathogens. The immune system of plant cells plays a crucial role in pathogen recognition and the activation of proteins.

NATURE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Pattern-recognition receptors are required for NLR-mediated plant immunity

Minhang Yuan et al.

Summary: The plant immune system consists of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), which are activated by different mechanisms and involve distinct signaling cascades. PTI is triggered by microbial patterns via cell surface receptors, while ETI is activated by pathogen effector proteins via intracellular receptors.

NATURE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Perception of a divergent family of phytocytokines by the Arabidopsis receptor kinase MIK2

Jack Rhodes et al.

Summary: The leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase MIK2 is identified as the receptor for the SCOOP family of phytocytokines, playing a crucial role in immune responses triggered by SCOOP peptides and recognizing SCOOP-like peptides derived from Fusarium. This discovery sheds light on the diverse functions of MIK2 in plant growth, development, and stress responses by perceiving secreted peptides and regulating immune responses against pathogens such as Fusarium.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Review Plant Sciences

Salicylic Acid: Biosynthesis and Signaling

Yujun Peng et al.

Summary: Salicylic acid (SA) serves as a crucial plant defense hormone, playing essential roles in plant immunity against pathogens. Significant progress has been made in understanding the biosynthesis, perception, and receptor regulation of SA in recent years, but there are still key questions that need to be addressed in SA biosynthesis and signaling.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY, VOL 72, 2021 (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The ZAR1 resistosome is a calcium-permeable channel triggering plant immune signaling

Guozhi Bi et al.

Summary: The study showed that the activated ZAR1 protein can form pentameric complexes in the plasma membrane, exhibiting ion channel activity dependent on the conserved acidic residue Glu11. Pre-assembled ZAR1 resistosome readily incorporated into planar lipid-bilayers and displayed calcium-permeable cation-selective channel activity. Activation of ZAR1 in the plant cell resulted in Glu11-dependent Ca2+ influx, perturbation of subcellular structures, production of reactive oxygen species, and cell death.
Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Channeling plant immunity

Bruno Pok Man Ngou et al.

Summary: The ZAR1 resistosome in plants has been found to exhibit cation channel activity, leading to calcium influx that activates defense mechanisms and ultimately results in cell death.
Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Plant immunity: Crosstalk between plant immune receptors

Marta Bjornson et al.

Summary: Plant immunity has traditionally been divided into two tiers, but recent research shows that both cell-surface and intracellular immune receptors are needed for maximum immune response.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2021)

Review Plant Sciences

PTI-ETI crosstalk: an integrative view of plant immunity

Minhang Yuan et al.

Summary: Plants have innate immune responses to resist pathogen attacks, involving pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs) that lead to pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Despite different activation mechanisms, PTI and ETI converge into similar downstream responses, with evidence of interactions and shared components between PRR-mediated and NLR-mediated signaling cascades. Future research on signal collaboration between PRR-initiated and NLR-initiated immunity will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the plant immune system.

CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY (2021)

Review Plant Sciences

Metabolic regulation of systemic acquired resistance

Jurgen Zeier

Summary: Plants achieve optimal balance between growth and defense through fine-tuned biosynthesis and metabolic inactivation of immune-stimulating small molecules. Recent research highlights three common hubs involved in the cooperative regulation of SAR by defense hormones NHP and SA: common regulatory proteins in biosynthesis, glucosylation by UGT76B1, and immunity conferred by NHP through SA receptor NPR1.

CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The EDS1-PAD4-ADR1 node mediates Arabidopsis pattern-triggered immunity

Rory N. Pruitt et al.

Summary: Plants use cell-surface and intracellular LRR immune receptors to detect pathogens. Both PTI and ETI immune responses rely on the transcriptional activation of similar sets of genes, suggesting a convergence point for defense signaling cascades upstream of nuclear events.

NATURE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Plant helper immune receptors are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels

Pierre Jacob et al.

Summary: Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) play a crucial role in regulating immunity and cell death, with helper NLRs being essential for the function of many sensor NLRs. NRG1.1 and ADR1 are two helper NLRs that mediate cell death through Ca2+ influx, by forming Ca2+-permeable cation channels to directly regulate cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Pathogen effector recognition-dependent association of NRG1 with EDS1 and SAG101 in TNL receptor immunity

Xinhua Sun et al.

Summary: Plants utilize intracellular NLR immune receptors to detect pathogen effectors and activate defense mechanisms involving modular networks of downstream proteins. Two distinct modules, NRG1/EDS1/SAG101 and ADR1/EDS1/PAD4, mediate TNL receptor defense signaling in plants, with rapid induced association of non-interchangeable components after NLR activation.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Plant pathogens convergently evolved to counteract redundant nodes of an NLR immune receptor network

Lida Derevnina et al.

Summary: Research has shown that plant NLR proteins can form receptor networks to provide cell death and immunity. Pathogens have evolved proteins to counteract NRC activities and suppress plant defense responses, leading to the continuous evolution of NRC networks.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Plant Sciences

The mobile SAR signal N-hydroxypipecolic acid induces NPR1-dependent transcriptional reprogramming and immune priming

Ipek Yildiz et al.

Summary: N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) acts as a crucial immune regulator in plants, inducing systemic defense responses through the accumulation of key components and defense gene expression. Exogenous treatment of NHP enhances plant immunity by priming defense mechanisms and boosting pathogen-triggered responses, mediated by the transcriptional coregulator NPR1.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

Article Plant Sciences

The transcriptional landscape of Arabidopsis thaliana pattern-triggered immunity

Marta Bjornson et al.

Summary: Plants adjust their metabolism based on environmental conditions, recognizing self and non-self molecules through pattern recognition receptors. Research suggests that plants exhibit a similar immune response to patterns of different biological origins or biochemical natures, indicating a general stress response. This initial danger response plays a crucial role in plant immunity and highlights the importance of early immune transcriptional reprogramming.

NATURE PLANTS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Hydrogen peroxide sensor HPCA1 is an LRR receptor kinase in Arabidopsis

Feihua Wu et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

High-resolution expression profiling of selected gene sets during plant immune activation

Pingtao Ding et al.

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The pan-genome effector-triggered immunity landscape of a host-pathogen interaction

Bradley Laflamme et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

Review Plant Sciences

Stories of Salicylic Acid: A Plant Defense Hormone

Pingtao Ding et al.

TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE (2020)

Review Plant Sciences

Origins and Immunity Networking Functions of EDS1 Family Proteins

Dmitry Lapin et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, VOL 58 (2020)

Review Plant Sciences

Plant NLRs get by with a little help from their friends

Joanna M. Feehan et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Formation of NPR1 Condensates Promotes Cell Survival during the Plant Immune Response

Raul Zavaliev et al.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Extensive signal integration by the phytohormone protein network

Melina Altmann et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Structural basis of salicylic acid perception byArabidopsisNPR proteins

Wei Wang et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The calcium-permeable channel OSCA1.3 regulates plant stomatal immunity

Kathrin Thor et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Quinone perception in plants via leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinases

Anuphon Laohavisit et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Diverse Roles of the Salicylic Acid Receptors NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4 in Plant Immunity

Yanan Liu et al.

PLANT CELL (2020)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Signaling Crosstalk between Salicylic Acid and Ethylene/Jasmonate in Plant Defense: Do We Understand What They Are Whispering?

Ning Li et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Ca2+ Channel CNGC19 Regulates Arabidopsis Defense Against Spodoptera Herbivory

Mukesh Kumar Meena et al.

PLANT CELL (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Biosynthesis and secretion of the microbial sulfated peptide RaxX and binding to the rice XA21 immune receptor

Dee Dee Luu et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reconstitution and structure of a plant NLR resistosome conferring immunity

Jizong Wang et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A calmodulin-gated calcium channel links pathogen patterns to plant immunity

Wang Tian et al.

NATURE (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanisms of RALF peptide perception by a heterotypic receptor complex

Yu Xiao et al.

NATURE (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

An EDS1-SAG101 Complex Is Essential for TNL-Mediated Immunity in Nicotiana benthamiana

Johannes Gantner et al.

PLANT CELL (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Coevolved EDS1-SAG101-NRG1 Module Mediates Cell Death Signaling by TIR-Domain Immune Receptors

Dmitry Lapin et al.

PLANT CELL (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Isochorismate-derived biosynthesis of the plant stress hormone salicylic acid

Dmitrij Rekhter et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

Article Genetics & Heredity

RPW8/HR repeats control NLR activation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cristina A. Barragan et al.

PLOS GENETICS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

NAD+ cleavage activity by animal an plant TIR domains in cell death pathways

Shane Horsefield et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

Article Plant Sciences

Differential regulation of TNL-mediated immune signaling by redundant helper CNLs

Zhongshou Wu et al.

NEW PHYTOLOGIST (2019)

Article Plant Sciences

Diverse NLR immune receptors activate defence via the RPW8-NLR NRG1

Baptiste Castel et al.

NEW PHYTOLOGIST (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

PBS3 and EPS1 Complete Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis from Isochorismate in Arabidopsis

Michael P. Torrens-Spence et al.

MOLECULAR PLANT (2019)

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Bacterial medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acid metabolites trigger immunity in Arabidopsis plants

Alexander Kutschera et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

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Receptor networks underpin plant immunity

Chih-Hang Wu et al.

SCIENCE (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Active photosynthetic inhibition mediated by MPK3/MPK6 is critical to effector-triggered immunity

Jianbin Su et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2018)

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An extracellular network of Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases

Elwira Smakowska-Luzan et al.

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Salicylic Acid: A Double-Edged Sword for Programed Cell Death in Plants

Ana Radojicic et al.

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NPR1 paralogs of Arabidopsis and their role in salicylic acid perception

Maria Jose Castello et al.

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NLR network mediates immunity to diverse plant pathogens

Chih-Hang Wu et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2017)

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The receptor kinase FER is a RALF-regulated scaffold controlling plant immune signaling

Martin Stegmann et al.

SCIENCE (2017)

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A plant effector-triggered immunity signaling sector is inhibited by pattern-triggered immunity

Noriyuki Hatsugai et al.

EMBO JOURNAL (2017)

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The Structural Basis of Ligand Perception and Signal Activation by Receptor Kinases

Ulrich Hohmann et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY, VOL 68 (2017)

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Characterization of a Pipecolic Acid Biosynthesis Pathway Required for Systemic Acquired Resistance

Pingtao Ding et al.

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

NbCSPR underlies age-dependent immune responses to bacterial cold shock protein in Nicotiana benthamiana

Isabel M. L. Saur et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification of a novel cell death-inducing domain reveals that fungal amyloid-controlled programmed cell death is related to necroptosis

Asen Daskalov et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2016)

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Intracellular innate immune surveillance devices in plants and animals

Jonathan D. G. Jones et al.

SCIENCE (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Plant Immune Receptor Detects Pathogen Effectors that Target WRKY Transcription Factors

Panagiotis F. Sarris et al.

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ChIP-seq reveals broad roles of SARD1 and CBP60g in regulating plant immunity

Tongjun Sun et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2015)

Article Plant Sciences

An RLP23-SOBIR1-BAK1 complex mediates NLP-triggered immunity

Isabell Albert et al.

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The rice immune receptor XA21 recognizes a tyrosine-sulfated protein from a Gram-negative bacterium

Rory N. Pruitt et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2015)

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Endogenous Arabidopsis messenger RNAs transported to distant tissues

Christoph J. Thieme et al.

NATURE PLANTS (2015)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinase BIR2 Is a Negative Regulator of BAK1 in Plant Immunity

Thierry Halter et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2014)

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Plant PRRs and the Activation of Innate Immune Signaling

Alberto P. Macho et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2014)

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Direct Regulation of the NADPH Oxidase RBOHD by the PRR-Associated Kinase BIK1 during Plant Immunity

Yasuhiro Kadota et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2014)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Salicylic Acid Regulates Arabidopsis Microbial Pattern Receptor Kinase Levels and Signaling

Chika Tateda et al.

PLANT CELL (2014)

Article Biology

Elevating crop disease resistance with cloned genes

Jonathan D. G. Jones et al.

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2014)

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Plant pattern-recognition receptors

Cyril Zipfel

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Receptor-like kinase SOBIR1/EVR interacts with receptor-like proteins in plant immunity against fungal infection

Thomas W. H. Liebrand et al.

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NPR3 and NPR4 are receptors for the immune signal salicylic acid in plants

Zheng Qing Fu et al.

NATURE (2012)

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Linking ligand perception by PEPR pattern recognition receptors to cytosolic Ca2+ elevation and downstream immune signaling in plants

Yi Ma et al.

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Expanded functions for a family of plant intracellular immune receptors beyond specific recognition of pathogen effectors

Vera Bonardi et al.

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Arabidopsis lysin-motif proteins LYM1 LYM3 CERK1 mediate bacterial peptidoglycan sensing and immunity to bacterial infection

Roland Willmann et al.

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Resistance and biomass in Arabidopsis: a new model for Salicylic Acid perception

Juan V. Canet et al.

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (2010)

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A receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, BIK1, associates with a flagellin receptor complex to initiate plant innate immunity

Dongping Lu et al.

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Control of salicylic acid synthesis and systemic acquired resistance by two members of a plant-specific family of transcription factors

Yaxi Zhang et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2010)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cross-talk between gibberellins and salicylic acid in early stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds

Ana Alonso-Ramirez et al.

PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR (2009)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

DELLAs control plant immune responses by modulating the balance and salicylic acid signaling

Lionel Navarro et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2008)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

From Guard to Decoy: A new model for perception of plant pathogen effectors

Renier A. L. van der Hoorn et al.

PLANT CELL (2008)

Article Plant Sciences

Cross talk in defense signaling

Annemart Koornneef et al.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (2008)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

CERK1, a LysM receptor kinase, is essential for chitin elicitor signaling in Arabidopsis

Ayako Miya et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2007)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Salicylic acid inhibits pathogen growth in plants through repression of the auxin signaling pathway

Dong Wang et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2007)

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A flagellin-induced complex of the receptor FLS2 and BAK1 initiates plant defence

Delphine Chinchilla et al.

NATURE (2007)

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Mechanisms of cross talk between gibberellin and other hormones

David Weiss et al.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (2007)

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Negative regulation of defense responses in Arabidopsis by two NPR1 paralogs

Yuelin Zhang et al.

PLANT JOURNAL (2006)

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The plant immune system

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NATURE (2006)

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The cell surface leucine-rich repeat receptor for AtPep1, an endoaenous peptide elicitor in Arabidopsis, is functional in transgenic tobacco cells

Yube Yamaguchi et al.

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MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity

T Asai et al.

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Arabidopsis gp91phox homologues AtrbohD and AtrbohF are required for accumulation of reactive oxygen intermediates in the plant defense response

MA Torres et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2002)

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Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence

MC Wildermuth et al.

NATURE (2001)

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Direct interaction between the Arabidopsis disease resistance signaling proteins, EDS1 and PAD4

BJ Feys et al.

EMBO JOURNAL (2001)

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Putting knowledge of plant disease resistance genes to work

JDG Jones

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Activation of a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway is involved in disease resistance in tobacco

KY Yang et al.

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