Journal
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 27, Issue 11, Pages 1060-1073Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.07.012
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Enhancers play a critical role in regulating tissue-specific gene expression and are increasingly linked to various diseases. While further research is needed, enhancer-targeting drugs and gene editing approaches hold great promise for disease treatment.
Enhancers are genomic sequences that play a key role in regulating tissue-specific gene expression levels. An increasing number of diseases are linked to impaired enhancer function through chromosomal rearrangement, genetic variation within enhancers, or epigenetic modulation. Here, we review how these enhancer disruptions have recently been implicated in congenital disorders, cancers, and common complex diseases and address the implications for diagnosis and treatment. Although further fundamental research into enhancer function, target genes, and context is required, enhancer-targeting drugs and gene editing approaches show great therapeutic promise for a range of diseases.
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