Journal
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Volume 128, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.trc.2021.103211
Keywords
Public transport; Pre-signal; Bus signal priority; Bus lane; Tandem intersection design
Categories
Funding
- General Research Fund by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [15224317]
- Platform Project Fund by the Innovation and Technology Commission of Hong Kong [ITP/020/18LP]
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This study has found that traditional bus priority measures can have adverse effects on car traffic at busy intersections. By introducing a novel intersection design that integrates elements such as bus lanes, bus signal priority, and pre-signals, it is possible to increase car capacity without compromising bus priority, thus promoting both bus and car traffic simultaneously.
Signal priority and exclusive bus lanes are common measures used to promote bus travel at signalized intersections. However, these bus priority measures create significant damage to the car traffic especially at intersections with heavy bus and car traffic. For this reason, bus priority is not welcome at busy intersections. We examine a novel intersection approach design that can solve the above dilemma. The design integrates a bus lane, bus signal priority, and a midblock pre-signal for sorting different car traffic streams in tandem in the approach. Car capacity gains from the use of pre-signal can potentially recover the car capacity lost to bus lane and signal priority schemes. This paper first presents how the pre-signal and main signal can be timed to realize bus signal priority, and where the pre-signal should be placed. Models are then formulated for estimating the expected bus delay and car capacity under the integrated design. They are compared against three alternative designs, including a conventional intersection design without bus priority or pre-signal. Numerical results unveil that the integrated design produces not only significant bus delay savings, but also higher car capacities in most instances. Even greater car capacity gains are observed with higher bus frequencies. Moreover, the benefits are fairly robust when real-world operating features, such as bus arrival time prediction error, are considered. Thus, the integrated design can potentially promote both bus and car traffic at congested intersections.
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