Highly sensitive and selective fluorescence sensing of nitrofurantoin based on water-soluble copper nanoclusters

In this contribution, dopamine-protected copper nanoclusters as a novel fluorescent nanosensor was employed to detect nitrofurantoin (NFT) for the first time, which were prepared by using dopamine as the stabilizing agent and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and hydrazine hydrate (N2H4 center dot H2O) as the reducing agents. A series of methods were used to analyze the structure and optical properties of as-prepared Cu NCs, such as UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It possessed high dispersion, excellent water solubility, good photostability and strong green fluorescence under UV lamp (365 nm). Significantly, the FL intensities of Cu NCs were quenched with addition of NFT. The analytical method possessed good linear relationship between the relative fluorescence intensity (F-0/F) and the NFT concentrations (range from 5 to 120 mu M), and the limit of detection (LOD) could reach 0.73 mu M. The fluorescence detection mechanisms were attributed to the static quenching and inner filter effect (IFE). In addition, this proposed fluorescence sensor has been successfully used for the detection of NFT in bovine serum samples. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Dopamine-protected copper nanoclusters were utilized as a novel fluorescent nanosensor for the detection of nitrofurantoin. The sensor demonstrated good linear relationship and low detection limit, and was successfully applied for NFT detection in bovine serum samples.