Journal
SENSORS
Volume 21, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s21175925
Keywords
antenna array; aperture efficiency; Internet of Things (IoT); multi input-multi output (MIMO)
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This paper introduces a technique for designing strongly coupled planar arrays with very high aperture efficiency, achieving maximum efficiency through compact medium-sized arrays, which is important for future IoT applications.
This paper presents a technique to design strongly coupled planar arrays with very high aperture efficiency. The key innovation is that, based on an irregular 2 x 1 array, very compact medium-sized arrays of size 2 x 2, 2 x 4, and 2 x 6 are constructed with very strong and constructive mutual coupling between the elements. In this way, a maximum aperture efficiency is reached for a given footprint of the array. The occupied space of the antenna in comparison with conventional linear patch arrays is studied. A prototype 2 x 4 array operating around 5.8 GHz is designed, fabricated, built, and measured. The results show a large bandwidth of 20% and a very high aperture efficiency of 100%, which is the largest found in the literature for similarly sized arrays. These results are important in view of the future Internet of Things, where small and medium-sized arrays are planned to be mounted on numerous devices where a very limited physical area is available.
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