Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 774, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145503
Keywords
Tire wear particles; Road dust; Street sweeping; Micro-litter; Stormwater pollutants
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) [2013-1164, 2017-00720]
- Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA) [2018-00652]
- AForsk [18-406]
- Swedish Government [N2017/07856/SUBT]
- Adlerbertska Research Fund
- Swedish Research Council [2018-00652] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
- Vinnova [2018-00652] Funding Source: Vinnova
- Formas [2017-00720] Funding Source: Formas
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This study conducted in Gothenburg, Sweden, investigates the occurrence of metals, organic pollutants, and microplastics in roads and stormwater, confirming traffic as an important source of these pollutants. Results show that street sweepers collect large amounts of polluted materials, preventing further spread of pollutants into receiving stormwater.
In urban environments, particularly areas under reconstruction, metals, organic pollutants (OP), and microplastics (MP), are released in large amounts due to heavy traffic. Road runoff, a major transport route for urban pollutants, contributes significantly to a deteriorated water quality in receiving waters. This study was conducted in Gothenburg, Sweden, and is unique because it simultaneously investigates the occurrence of OP, metals, and MP on roads and in stormwater from an urban area under reconstruction. Correlations between the various pollutants were also explored. The study was carried out by collecting washwater and sweepsand generated from street sweeping, road surface sampling, and flow-proportional stormwater sampling on several occasions. The liquid and solid samples were analyzed for metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), oxy-PAH, aliphatics, aromatics, phthalates, and MP. The occurrence of OP was also analyzed with a non-target screening method of selected samples. Microplastics, i.e. plastic fragments/fibers, paint fragments, tire wear particles (TWP) and bitumen, were analyzed with a method based on density separation with sodium iodide and identification with a stereo microscope, melt-tests, and tactile identification. MP concentrations amounted to 1500 par-ticles/L in stormwater, 51,000 particles/L in washwater, and 2.6 x 10(6) particles/kg dw in sweepsand. In stormwater, washwater and sweepsand, MP >= 20 mu m were found to be dominated by TWP (38%, 83% and 78%, respectively). The results confirm traffic as an important source to MP, OP, and metal emissions. Concentrations exceeding water and sediment quality guidelines for metals (e.g. Cu and Zn), PAH, phthalates, and aliphatic hydrocarbons in the C-16-C-35 fraction were found in most samples. The results show that the street sweeper collects large amounts of polluted materials and thereby prevents further spread of the pollutants to the receiving stormwater. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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