A green solar photo-Fenton process for the degradation of carbamazepine using natural pyrite and organic acid with in-situ generated H2O2

Pyrite is widely used in Fenton reaction for degradation of pollutants and exhibits great potential for environmental remediation, however, its efficiency is greatly compromised by extra H2O2 and pH adjustment. Herein, a pyrite based green solar photo-Fenton system for carbamazepine (CBZ) treatment is constructed, involving the use of simulated sunlight and natural organic adds with in situ-generated H2O2 and without extra pH adjustment. The addition of organic acids including tartaric acid (TA), citric acid (CA), and ascorbic acid (M) can form complex with iron in pyrite, which promotes the Fe(II) dissolution. Upon irradiation, pyrite could be excited to produce photoelectrons, which would reduce oxygen to produce H2O2 through a two-step route assisted by organic adds. The simulated sunlight and organic acids promoted the in-situ production of H2O2 and Fe(II) species, sustaining an efficient Fenton reaction. This produced massive hydroxyl radical (center dot OH), as demonstrated by the active species capture experiment. Compared with no degradation of CBZ under pure pyrite, the degradation efficiency of CBZ reached to 70%, 60%, and 53% in pyrite/CA, pyrite/CA, pyrite/AA within 30 min under simulated solar light irradiation, respectively. This work reports the first use of natural pyrite, a typical Fe-mineral semiconductor, to produce center dot OH for CBZ degradation through natural additive assisted Fenton reaction excluding the adding extra H2O2 and pH adjustment. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

In this study, a green solar photo-Fenton system based on natural pyrite was developed for the efficient degradation of carbamazepine. The system utilized natural organic acids to promote in-situ production of H2O2 and Fe(II) species, ensuring an efficient Fenton reaction without the need for additional H2O2 and pH adjustment. The system demonstrated a significant enhancement in the degradation efficiency of carbamazepine compared to pure pyrite, showcasing the potential of natural pyrite for environmental remediation.