Ileal digestibility of energy and amino acids in three faba bean cultivars (Vicia faba L.) planted and harvested early or late in broiler chickens

A concern of both pulse growers and poultry producers is how the timing of planting and har -vesting affect the nutritional quality of faba bean for broiler chickens. To investigate, half of the seed of 2 zero-tannin cultivars (Snowbird and Snowdrop) and 1 low vicine and convicine cultivar (Fabelle) were planted at a single site either in early May and harvested in late September (EARLY) or planted in late May and har-vested in late October (LATE). Diets of the 3 EARLY or LATE cultivars (95% inclusion) were fed to 756 broiler chickens (Ross 708) from d 15. Chickens were housed in 56 floor pens (13-14 birds/pen) in a 3 pound 2 fac-torial arrangement (7 pens/diet). A nitrogen-free diet to correct for endogenous amino acid (AA) losses was fed to broilers in 14 pens from d 20. Ileal digesta was col-lected after euthanizing birds on day 23 or 24. Planting and harvesting LATE vs. EARLY increased the propor-tion of immature beans from 5 to 64% for Snowbird, 7 to 79% for Snowdrop, and 22 to 80% for Fabelle. Planting and harvesting LATE vs. EARLY increased the propor-tion of frost-damaged beans from 20 to 83% for Snow-bird, 36 to 88% for Snowdrop, and 5 to 29% for Fabelle. Planting and harvesting LATE vs. EARLY increased (P < 0.001) apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of gross energy (GE) by 45% and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP by 13%. Planting and harvesting LATE vs. EARLY increased (P < 0.001) SID of AA by 11% except Cys. Snowbird and Snowdrop had greater (P < 0.05) SID of AA by 4.5% except Thr and Trp compared with Fabelle. Fabelle had 13% greater (P < 0.001) SID of Trp compared with Snowbird or Snowdrop. Results indicate that planting and harvesting LATE vs. EARLY increased GE, CP, and AA digestibility possibly by frost interrupting bean ripening on the field. Hull tannin con -tent may have reduced the AA digestibility of Fabelle compared with Snowbird or Snowdrop.

Automated summary

The timing of planting and harvesting affects the nutritional quality of faba bean for broiler chickens, with late cultivation potentially increasing the digestibility of energy, protein, and amino acids. However, it also leads to higher proportions of immature and frost-damaged beans.