4.5 Article

A model for equilibrium swelling of the upper critical solution temperature type thermoresponsive hydrogels

Journal

POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
Volume 71, Issue 2, Pages 212-226

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/pi.6304

Keywords

thermoresponsive gels; UCST-type gels; zwitterionic gels; hydrogen bonds; equilibrium swelling

Funding

  1. Innovationsfonden (Innovation Fund Denmark) [9091-00010B]

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Thermoresponsive gels of the UCST type shrink below their critical temperature and swell above it, driven by thermally induced dissociation of hydrogen or ionic bonds between chains. A simple model developed for describing the equilibrium swelling of these gels can be applied to various structures and compositions of thermoresponsive gels.
Thermoresponsive gels of the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) type shrink below their critical temperature and swell above it. Changes in water uptake by these gels are driven by thermally induced dissociation of hydrogen or ionic bonds between chains. A simple model is developed for the description of the equilibrium swelling of thermophilic gels with hydrogen bonds. To confirm its ability to describe observations, equilibrium swelling diagrams are fitted on poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) and poly(acrylamide-acrylonitrile) macroscopic gels and microgels with various structures (copolymer gels, gels with interpenetrating networks, nanocomposite gels), as well as on biocompatible poly(N-acryloyl-glycinamide) and poly(allylurea-co-allylamine) gels. Numerical simulation reveals that material parameters evolve consistently with molar fractions of crosslinker, hydrophobic and hydrophilic comonomers in the feed, degree of ionization of functional groups, and concentration of nanofiller. It is shown that the model can also be applied to describe observations on thermophilic zwitterionic gels. (c) 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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