Numerics and computation in gyrokinetic simulations of electromagnetic turbulence with global particle-in-cell codes

Electromagnetic turbulence is addressed in tokamak and stellarator plasmas with the global gyrokinetic particle-in-cell codes ORB5 (E Lanti et al, Comp. Phys. Comm., 251, 107072 (2020)) and EUTERPE (V Kornilov et al, Phys. Plasmas, 11, 3196 (2004)). The large-aspect-ratio tokamak, down-scaled ITER, and Wendelstein 7-X geometries are considered. The main goal is to increase the plasma beta, the machine size, the ion-to-electron mass ratio, as well as to include realistic-geometry features in such simulations. The associated numerical requirements and the computational cost for the cases on computer systems with massive GPU deployments are investigated. These are necessary steps to enable electromagnetic turbulence simulations in future reactor plasmas.

Automated summary

The study examines electromagnetic turbulence in tokamak and stellarator plasmas using global gyrokinetic particle-in-cell codes, with a focus on increasing plasma beta, machine size, ion-to-electron mass ratio, and realistic-geometry features. Investigated are the numerical requirements and computational cost for simulations on computer systems with massive GPU deployments, aiming to enable electromagnetic turbulence simulations in future reactor plasmas.