4.8 Article

Asymmetric Loop Spectra and Unbroken Phase Protection due to Nonlinearities in PT -Symmetric Periodic Potentials

Journal

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 127, Issue 2, Pages -

Publisher

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.034101

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [11921005]
  3. Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project [2019SHZDZX01]
  4. National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0303302, 2018YFA0305602]
  5. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [UIDB/00618/2020, PTDC/FIS-OUT/3882/2020]
  6. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/FIS-OUT/3882/2020] Funding Source: FCT

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The interaction between nonlinearity and PT symmetry in a periodic potential results in peculiar features of nonlinear periodic solutions, including thresholdless symmetry breaking and asymmetric (multi-)loop structures of the nonlinear Bloch spectrum. These features are explained within the framework of a two-mode approximation and an effective potential theory and are validated numerically.
We demonstrate that the interplay between a nonlinearity and PT symmetry in a periodic potential results in peculiar features of nonlinear periodic solutions. These include thresholdless symmetry breaking and asymmetric (multi-)loop structures of the nonlinear Bloch spectrum, persistence of unbroken PT symmetry even after the gap is closed, nonmonotonic dependence of the PT phase transition on the defocusing nonlinearity, and enhanced stability of the nonlinear states corresponding to the loop structures. The asymmetry and the loop structure of the spectrum are explained within the framework of a two-mode approximation and an effective potential theory and are validated numerically.

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